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T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de, 21 y\u0131ll\u0131k AK Parti iktidar\u0131 d\u00f6neminde, \u00f6v\u00fcn\u00e7 kayna\u011f\u0131 olan dev projelerin tamam\u0131na yak\u0131n\u0131 Kamu \u00d6zel Sekt\u00f6r \u0130\u015f Birli\u011fi (K\u00d6\u0130) y\u00f6ntemiyle hayata ge\u00e7irildi. Mesela \u0130stanbul Havaliman\u0131, Avrasya T\u00fcneli, Osman Gazi K\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc, Yavuz Sultan Selim K\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc, 1915 \u00c7anakkale K\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc, \u00c7am Sakura ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere \u00e7ok say\u0131da \u015fehir hastaneleri K\u00d6\u0130 projeleridir. Bizdeki muhalefet bu projelerin tamam\u0131na yak\u0131n\u0131n\u0131 \u2018yolsuzluk ve gereksizlik\u2019 ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131yla \u015feytanla\u015ft\u0131rmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131, se\u00e7im atmosferlerinin gergin g\u00fcnlerinde k\u0131smen ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 da oldular.<\/p>\n
Oysa K\u00d6\u0130 modeli m\u00fckemmel altyap\u0131lar\u0131na imrendi\u011fimiz bir\u00e7ok \u00fclkede 10 y\u0131llard\u0131r uygulan\u0131yor. \u00dcstelik d\u00fcnyadaki en ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 K\u00d6\u0130 s\u00fcre\u00e7leri de sosyalist ya da sosyal demokrat partiler ve liderler taraf\u0131ndan hayata ge\u00e7irildi. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ise sosyal demokratlar\u0131n tamam\u0131 K\u00d6\u0130 projelerini, en hafif ifadeyle \u2018kamunun (halk\u0131n) paras\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6zel sekt\u00f6re pe\u015fke\u015f mekanizmas\u0131\u2019 olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcyor. Zaten \u00fclkemizdeki K\u00d6\u0130 uygulamalar\u0131 da memlekete \u2018piyasa ekonomisini\u2019 getiren Eski Ba\u015fbakan Turgut \u00d6zal d\u00f6neminde ba\u015flad\u0131. AK Parti d\u00f6neminde h\u0131zland\u0131 ve 1986-2021 aras\u0131 toplam 88,5 milyar dolarl\u0131k 262 K\u00d6\u0130 projesi hayata ge\u00e7ti. Sonu\u00e7ta, AK Parti \u2018projeci iktidar\u2019 olarak \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131 ve neredeyse 22 y\u0131ld\u0131r her se\u00e7imi kazand\u0131. Bu arada T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki K\u00d6\u0130 uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131n tarihinin Osmanl\u0131 d\u00f6nemine kadar uzand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtelim. 1874\u2019te hizmete a\u00e7\u0131lan Karak\u00f6y Beyo\u011flu T\u00fcneli d\u00fcnyan\u0131n ikinci en eski yeralt\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131ma projesi olarak Yap-\u0130\u015flet-Devret modeliyle (42 y\u0131l i\u015fletme hakk\u0131yla) in\u015fa edilmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n
D\u00fcnya Bankas\u0131 tan\u0131m\u0131na g\u00f6re K\u00d6\u0130; Kamu \u00d6zel sekt\u00f6r \u0130\u015f birli\u011fiyle kamu hizmeti sunmak ya da kamu varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 in\u015fa etmek i\u00e7in \u00f6zel sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn \u00f6nemli say\u0131da riskleri ve y\u00f6netim sorumlulu\u011funu \u00fcstlenmesi, \u00f6demelerin performansa dayal\u0131 yap\u0131lmas\u0131 esas\u0131na dayanan uzun d\u00f6nemli s\u00f6zle\u015fmeler b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcd\u00fcr. Ge\u00e7mi\u015fi y\u00fczy\u0131llar \u00f6ncesine dayan\u0131r. Roma \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nda posta servisi, istasyon kurulumlar\u0131, yollar\u0131n bak\u0131m\u0131, i\u015fletilmesi ve limanlar\u0131n yap\u0131m\u0131nda lejyonlar ile benzer i\u015fbirlikleri ilk \u00f6rnekler olabilir. 16\u2019nc\u0131 Y\u00fczy\u0131lda \u0130ngiltere ve Fransa ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere bir\u00e7ok \u00fclkede kanal in\u015faatlar\u0131, yol yap\u0131mlar\u0131, at\u0131k toplama, posta hizmetleri ve sokak ayd\u0131nlatmas\u0131 gibi hizmetler i\u00e7in K\u00d6\u0130 kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f.<\/p>\n
K\u00d6\u0130\u2019nin alt\u0131n<\/a> \u00e7a\u011f\u0131 \u0130ngiltere\u2019de 1997-2007 aras\u0131nda \u0130\u015f\u00e7i Partili Ba\u015fbakan Tony Blair d\u00f6neminde ba\u015flad\u0131. Blair, \u2018Proje finansman giri\u015fimi (PFI) anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131\u2019 yeniden tan\u0131mlayan isim oldu. 1997\u2019de b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00fclkelere \u00f6rnek olacak \u0130ngiltere Kamu \u00d6zel Sekt\u00f6r \u0130\u015fbirli\u011fi Merkezi\u2019ni (UK Partnership) o kurdu. Blair, \u0130ngiltere\u2019de 1997- 2003 aras\u0131nda tamamlanm\u0131\u015f 35,5 milyar sterlinlik 563 K\u00d6\u0130 projesinin yolunu a\u00e7an isim olarak da tarihe ge\u00e7ti. \u0130ngiltere\u2019nin K\u00d6\u0130 projeleri, 2010 sonras\u0131nda da h\u0131z kazanarak devam etti ve ayr\u0131lmadan \u00f6nce Avrupa Birli\u011fi\u2019nde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmi\u015f K\u00d6\u0130 projelerinin y\u00fczde 20\u2019sini tek ba\u015f\u0131na \u0130ngiltere tamamlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n D\u00fcnya genelinde 1991-2015 aras\u0131nda toplam K\u00d6\u0130 proje yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 121 \u00fclkede 5 bin projede yakla\u015f\u0131k 1,5 trilyon dolara ula\u015ft\u0131. K\u00d6\u0130 form\u00fclleriyle ula\u015ft\u0131rma altyap\u0131s\u0131nda en fazla proje tamamlayan \u00fclkelerden biri Japonya olurken, G\u00fcney Kore de 2016\u2019ya kadar toplam 88 milyar dolar<\/a> de\u011ferindeki 651 projeyi K\u00d6\u0130 modeli ile in\u015fa etti. \u00c7in ise 2013-2020 aras\u0131nda bin 934 projeyi K\u00d6\u0130 modeliyle ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi.<\/p>\n T\u00dcRK\u0130YE\u2019N\u0130N TECR\u00dcBES\u0130N\u0130 D\u00dcNYAYA ANLATAN B\u0130R\u0130 VAR!<\/strong><\/p>\n \u00dclkemiz, hayata ge\u00e7mi\u015f b\u00fcy\u00fck K\u00d6\u0130 projeleri konusunda \u00e7ok yeni ve \u00f6zel \u2018know how\u2019 sahibi. Kamu \u00d6zel Sekt\u00f6r \u0130\u015f Birli\u011fi Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Merkezi Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Dr. Ey\u00fcp Vural Ayd\u0131n bu konuda i\u00e7 kamuoyunu, muhalefet dahil siyaset\u00e7ileri ve b\u00fcrokrasiyi bilgilendirmek, yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131na da dan\u0131\u015fmanl\u0131k vermek i\u00e7in yola \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f. Kamuda ve \u00f6zel sekt\u00f6rde, 20 y\u0131l\u0131 a\u015fk\u0131n deneyime sahip bir K\u00d6\u0130 uzman\u0131. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de \u015fehir hastaneleri, otoyollar, t\u00fcneller, k\u00f6pr\u00fcler gibi \u00e7e\u015fitli K\u00d6\u0130 projelerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f. Suudi Arabistan, Kuveyt, BAE, \u00d6zbekistan, K\u0131rg\u0131zistan, Moritanya, Azerbaycan, Kazakistan, Ukrayna, Belarus gibi \u00fclkelerde farkl\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmet kurumlar\u0131na dan\u0131\u015fmanl\u0131k hizmetleri veriyor. D\u00fcnya Bankas\u0131, IFC, EBRD, \u0130slam Kalk\u0131nma Bankas\u0131, \u00c7evre ve \u015eehircilik Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131, Ticaret Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi kurumlara da dan\u0131\u015fmanl\u0131k yap\u0131yor. Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler Avrupa Ekonomik Komisyonu K\u00d6\u0130 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda Politika Geli\u015ftirme Y\u00fcksek \u0130sti\u015fare \u00fcyeli\u011fine davet edildi. Yak\u0131n zamanda Suudi Arabistan\u2019da, kamu \u00f6zel sekt\u00f6r i\u015f birli\u011fi ile yap\u0131lacak projelere, en do\u011fru ekosistemi \u00e7ekebilmek i\u00e7in kurulan Ulusal \u00d6zelle\u015ftirme ve Kamu \u00d6zel Sekt\u00f6r \u0130\u015f Birli\u011fi Merkezi (NCP) Dan\u0131\u015fma Kurulu\u2019na se\u00e7ildi. Dr. Ayd\u0131n, \u015f\u00f6yle konu\u015fuyor: \u201cT\u00fcrkiye olarak \u00f6zellikle K\u00d6\u0130 projelerinde aranan \u015firketlere sahibiz. Suudi Arabistan\u2019da \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki d\u00f6nemde b\u00fcy\u00fck f\u0131rsatlar var ki hedefimiz T\u00fcrk \u015firketlerinin 10 y\u0131l i\u00e7inde bu pazardan y\u00fczde 10 pay almas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak. NCP, milyarlarca dolarl\u0131k dev kamu \u00f6zel sekt\u00f6r i\u015f birli\u011fi projelerinin koordinasyonunu ve y\u00f6netimini yapacak. 11 bakan\u0131n yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 NCP, yedi \u00fclkeden se\u00e7ti\u011fi uzmanlardan bir Dan\u0131\u015fma Kurulu belirledi. Ben de kurula se\u00e7ildim. ABD, Kanada, \u0130ngiltere, Portekiz, \u0130sve\u00e7 ve Suudi Arabistan temsilcileri ile beraber kurulda \u00e7al\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131z. Avrupa Yat\u0131r\u0131m Bankas\u0131 k\u00fcresel altyap\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131m ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n 2015-2030 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda k\u00fcresel GSYH\u2019n\u0131n y\u00fczde 4 ila 10\u2019una ula\u015faca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tahmin ediyor. D\u00fcnya genelinde enerji<\/a> sistemleri, ak\u0131ll\u0131 \u015fehirlerin in\u015fas\u0131, ula\u015ft\u0131rma ve su ile ilgili alanlarda altyap\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131m ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131n 2040 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar 94 trilyon dolara ula\u015faca\u011f\u0131 hesaplan\u0131yor. Devletlerin bu ihtiya\u00e7lara yan\u0131t vermesi hem finansal hem teknolojik a\u00e7\u0131dan imk\u00e2ns\u0131z. Kamu, K\u00d6\u0130 modeli ilgili altyap\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131na olanak sa\u011flan\u0131rken, kendi b\u00fct\u00e7esini vatanda\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n sosyal ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131na aktarabilir.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n