YENER KARADEN\u0130Z<\/strong><\/p>\n \u0130SO 500\u2019\u00fc de\u011ferlendiren \u0130SO Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Erdal Bah\u00e7\u0131van, T\u00fcrk sanayicisinin i\u00e7 ve d\u0131\u015f pazarda ya\u015fanan sorunlara ra\u011fmen; 2022 y\u0131l\u0131nda da T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin b\u00fcy\u00fcme ve kalk\u0131nmas\u0131na \u00f6n saflarda katk\u0131 verdi\u011fini s\u00f6yledi. \u0130SO 500 verilerinin, sanayicilerin T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin gelece\u011fine olan inanc\u0131n\u0131n bir g\u00f6stergesi oldu\u011funa dikkat \u00e7eken Bah\u00e7\u0131van, \u201cBu inanc\u0131n ve azmin azalmadan devam edebilmesi i\u00e7in sanayicimizin en b\u00fcy\u00fck ihtiyac\u0131; finansal istikrard\u0131r. S\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir ve nitelikli b\u00fcy\u00fcme i\u00e7in gerekli olan finansal istikrar\u0131n yeniden tesisi do\u011frultusunda at\u0131lan ad\u0131mlar\u0131 \u00f6nemli buluyoruz\u201d dedi. \u201cOrta Vadeli Program\u0131\u201d \u00e7ok \u00f6nemsediklerini dile getiren Bah\u00e7\u0131van, \u201cProgram\u0131n ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n, \u00fclkemizin uzun s\u00fcredir ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011fu d\u0131\u015f kaynak ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayaca\u011f\u0131na inan\u0131yorum. Bu kaynak ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n teknolojiye dayal\u0131, nitelikli yeni sanayi yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 ile bulu\u015fturulmas\u0131 en b\u00fcy\u00fck dile\u011fimiz\u201d diye konu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n Sorular\u0131 cevaplayan Bah\u00e7\u0131van, AB gibi temel pazarlarda daralma ya\u015fan\u0131rken i\u00e7erde ise t\u00fcketimi k\u0131smaya y\u00f6nelik uygulamalar\u0131n, sanayiciyi zorlayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi. Bah\u00e7\u0131van, \u201cAB gibi temel pazarlar\u0131m\u0131zda daralma var. Bir taraftan da i\u00e7 pazarda enflasyon ile m\u00fccadele kapsam\u0131nda t\u00fcketimi k\u0131smaya y\u00f6nelik kararlar al\u0131n\u0131yor. \u00d6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki d\u00f6nemde bunlar\u0131n sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 daha net g\u00f6rece\u011fiz. \u0130\u00e7eride kabul etmemiz laz\u0131m ki enflasyonun yaratm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu ciddi bir tahribat var. Tahribat ne kadar g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ise onun tadilat\u0131 da o kadar g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir sab\u0131r, emek ve performans gerektiriyor. O nedenle tadilat d\u00f6nemi zorlu olacak. B\u00fct\u00fcn bu ger\u00e7ekler \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda 2023\u2019te sanayi performans\u0131n\u0131n 2022 kadar canl\u0131 olmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyebilirim\u201d diye konu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n Yat\u0131r\u0131ma d\u00f6n\u00fck uzun vadeli kredilerin azald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirten Bah\u00e7\u0131van, “Arzu ederdik ki uygulanan politika biraz daha yat\u0131r\u0131m ve kalk\u0131nma ama\u00e7l\u0131 krediler olsun. Ama bunun yeterli olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rmekteyiz. Ayn\u0131 e\u011filim devam ediyor. Uzun vadeli bor\u00e7 bulunmuyor. Zaten \u015fu anda temel problem ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015f yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n devam\u0131 noktas\u0131nda ya\u015fanan finansal sorunlar. Ge\u00e7en sene arazi aramas\u0131nda \u00e7ok s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131 ya\u015fand\u0131, OSB\u2019lerde yer kalmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Ama bu yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n belli noktaya gelmesinde finansman konusunda s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131 ya\u015fan\u0131yor. OVP\u2019de de ele ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z konu buydu. Sanayiye d\u00f6n\u00fck uzun vadeli yat\u0131r\u0131m kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ve kaynaklar\u0131n do\u011fru \u015fekilde kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak \u00f6nemli. Daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir model olu\u015fturulmas\u0131 alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izdi\u011fimiz bir konu idi. Yoksa mevcut finansman yap\u0131s\u0131 ile yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n devam etmesi hatta ba\u015flamas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fil. Finans<\/a> de\u011fer zinciri belli sekt\u00f6rlerde baz\u0131 sekt\u00f6rel s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar olu\u015fturabilir.\u201d<\/p>\n Finansal istikrar konusunda gelen sorular\u0131 da cevaplayan Erdal Bah\u00e7\u0131van, \u201cFinansal istikrar\u0131 kaybedince hemen ard\u0131ndan da fiyat istikrar\u0131 kaybediliyor. Fiyat istikrar\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011fland\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemleri de istikrars\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n oldu\u011fu d\u00f6nemleri de g\u00f6rd\u00fck. Onun i\u00e7in mutlak suretle finansal istikrar\u0131 sa\u011flamadan fiyat istikrar\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fil. Bu konu tek boyutu ile firmalar\u0131n \u00fczerinden de\u011ferlendirerek \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc bulunacak bir konu da de\u011fil. Bu bir yap\u0131sal sorun. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin e\u011fitim sistemi, \u00fcniversitelerin e\u011fitim kalitesi ile reel sekt\u00f6r ile aralar\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkinin geli\u015ftirmesi ile ilgili\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n Finansman s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 noktas\u0131nda bankalar\u0131n tutumunu de\u011ferlendiren \u0130SO Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Erdal Bah\u00e7\u0131van, \u201cAnlay\u0131\u015f i\u00e7inde olan, beraber \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 sanayi firmas\u0131n\u0131 bir i\u015f orta\u011f\u0131 olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcp zor an\u0131nda onunla birlikte \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm arayan her bankaya te\u015fekk\u00fcr ediyoruz. Ancak o zorluklar\u0131 bir f\u0131rsata \u00e7evirip \u015femsiyeyi hemen kapatan bankalar\u0131n da te\u015fekk\u00fcr\u00fc hak etti\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u00fcyoruz. Te\u015fekk\u00fcr\u00fc hak eden ile etmeyenleri ay\u0131rmak gerekiyor\u201d dedi. Kur korumal\u0131 mevduat ile ilgili de konu\u015fan Bah\u00e7\u0131van, \u201cHerhalde kur korumal\u0131 mevduat\u0131 se\u00e7enler de bize te\u015fekk\u00fcr etme noktas\u0131nda. Bu \u00fclkenin kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn oradaki tasarrufa ayr\u0131lmas\u0131 noktas\u0131nda bir te\u015fekk\u00fcr isteme noktas\u0131nday\u0131z\u201d \u015feklinde konu\u015ftu. Bundan sonraki d\u00f6nemde istikrarl\u0131 bir iyile\u015fme ve s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir finansman kalitesinin en \u00f6nemli beklentileri oldu\u011funu vurgulayan Bah\u00e7\u0131van, ge\u00e7ici ve belli d\u00f6nemlere dayal\u0131 iyile\u015fmelerin sanayicilere bir fatura \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirterek 2023\u2019te de bunu 2023\u2019te de g\u00f6rmeye ba\u015flad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 dile getirdi.<\/p>\n Yabanc\u0131 i\u015f\u00e7i tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na da de\u011finen Erdal bah\u00e7\u0131van, sadece emekten rekabet g\u00fcc\u00fc yaratma ad\u0131na demografik ve sosyolojik yap\u0131y\u0131 bozacak, tehdit alt\u0131na alacak ve toplumun yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirecek bir olu\u015fuma \u0130SO olarak kar\u015f\u0131 olduklar\u0131n\u0131 vurgulad\u0131. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin sanayisinde nitelik, ak\u0131l ve de\u011fer katacak olan yabanc\u0131 i\u015f\u00e7iler konusunda s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirten Bah\u00e7\u0131van, \u201cNitelik getirmeden sadece eme\u011fe d\u00f6n\u00fck boyutuyla yabanc\u0131lar\u0131n ekonomiye destek katmas\u0131n\u0131 do\u011fru bulmuyoruz. B\u00f6ylesi bir gidi\u015fat\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi sonu olmayan bir dehlize g\u00f6t\u00fcrme riski var. Bu tarz uygulamalar gelecek nesilleri de y\u00fck alt\u0131nda b\u0131rak\u0131r. Ancak tekrar s\u00f6yl\u00fcyorum, de\u011fer yaratacak, birikim ve tecr\u00fcbe kazand\u0131racak i\u015f g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn desteklenmesi gerekti\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum. Ancak bunun \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 noktas\u0131nda mesuliyet alamay\u0131z\u201d diye konu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n Teknolojinin yo\u011funlu\u011funa g\u00f6re yarat\u0131lan katma de\u011fer a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda 2022 y\u0131l\u0131nda en y\u00fcksek pay\u0131 y\u00fczde 37,7 ile orta-d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck teknoloji yo\u011funluklu sekt\u00f6rlerin ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Bu grubun pay\u0131 bir \u00f6nceki y\u0131la g\u00f6re 5,3 puan artm\u0131\u015f. Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck teknoloji yo\u011funluklu sanayilerin pay\u0131 4,4 puan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015fle y\u00fczde 28,9\u2019a, ortay\u00fcksek teknolojili sanayiler grubunun pay\u0131 1,1 puan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015fle y\u00fczde 27,2\u2019ye gerilemi\u015f durumda. Y\u00fcksek teknoloji yo\u011funluklu sanayiler grubunun pay\u0131 ise 0,1 puan art\u0131\u015fla y\u00fczde 6,2 olsa da yap\u0131sal bir de\u011fi\u015fime i\u015faret etmekten uzak bir g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm sergiliyor.\u00a0 Yarat\u0131lan katma de\u011ferin teknoloji yo\u011funlu\u011funa bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda, \u00f6zellikle son y\u0131llarda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck teknolojiden orta-d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck teknolojiye do\u011fru bir kayma dikkat \u00e7ekiyor. Ama orta-d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckten ortay\u00fcksek teknolojiye, ortay\u00fcksek teknolojiden y\u00fcksek teknolojiye ge\u00e7i\u015fte ise patinaj s\u00f6z konusu.<\/p>\n \u0130SO-500\u2019de Ar-Ge<\/a> harcamas\u0131 yapan kurulu\u015f say\u0131s\u0131nda 2013\u2019ten itibaren g\u00f6r\u00fclen kademeli art\u0131\u015f\u0131n, 2018\u2019den sonra dura\u011fanla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. 2021\u2019de 265 olan Ar-Ge yapan kurulu\u015f say\u0131s\u0131, 2022\u2019de 260\u2019a geriledi. Bu \u015firketlerin 2022 y\u0131l\u0131nda yapt\u0131klar\u0131 Ar-Ge harcamalar\u0131n\u0131n toplam\u0131 16 milyar TL\u2019yi a\u015ft\u0131. Bu durum 2021\u2019e g\u00f6re y\u00fczde 80\u2019nin \u00fczerinde bir art\u0131\u015fa i\u015faret etse de, sanayi kurulu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n sat\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n giderek daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc Ar-Ge harcamalar\u0131na ay\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Zira 2018\u2019de y\u00fczde 0,58 olan Ar-Ge harcamalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcretimden sat\u0131\u015flar i\u00e7indeki pay\u0131 2021\u2019de y\u00fczde 0,44\u2019e, 2022\u2019de ise y\u00fczde 0,36\u2019ya d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc.<\/span><\/p>\n \u25cf Listede \u00f6zel kurulu\u015flar\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131 491 olurken, kamu kurulu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131 1 adet artarak 9\u2019a y\u00fckseldi.<\/p>\n \u25cf T\u00fcpra\u015f, \u00fcretimden sat\u0131\u015flar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, en fazla katma de\u011fer yaratan, en fazla kar eden ve en fazla ihracat yapan kurulu\u015f oldu.<\/p>\n \u25cf 2021\u2019den 2022\u2019ye \u0130SO 500\u2019e yeni giren firma say\u0131s\u0131 65 olurken, 50 kurulu\u015f ge\u00e7en seneki \u0130SO \u0130kinci 500\u2019den y\u00fckseldi. 435 firma ise her iki y\u0131lda da \u0130SO 500 s\u0131ralamas\u0131nda yer ald\u0131.<\/p>\n \u25cf \u0130SO 500\u2019\u00fcn sanayi sekt\u00f6r\u00fc katma de\u011feri i\u00e7indeki pay\u0131 y\u00fczde 21,7; GSYH i\u00e7indeki pay\u0131 y\u00fczde 7,2 ile son y\u0131llar\u0131n en y\u00fcksek d\u00fczeyine ula\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n \u25cf Yabanc\u0131 sermaye payl\u0131 kurulu\u015flar\u0131n say\u0131s\u01311 adet azalarak 108 ile en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck seviyeye indi.<\/p>\n \u25cf 2017-2021 d\u00f6neminde 65- 69 band\u0131nda olan halka a\u00e7\u0131k kurulu\u015flar\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131 7 adet artarak 73\u2019e \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.<\/p>\n \u25cf 2022 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130SO 500\u2019\u00fcn istihdam\u0131 y\u00fczde 4,1 artarken, \u00f6denen maa\u015f ve \u00fccretlerdeki art\u0131\u015f y\u00fczde 85,7 oldu.<\/p>\n \u25cf \u0130SO \u00fcyesi kurulu\u015flar\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131 2022 y\u0131l\u0131nda 6 adet azalarak 152 oldu. \u0130stanbul d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki sanayi daha y\u00fcksek performans sergiliyor.<\/p>\nYat\u0131r\u0131ma d\u00f6n\u00fck kredi azald\u0131<\/strong><\/h2>\n
Finansal istikrar olmadan fiyat istikrar\u0131 olmaz<\/strong><\/h2>\n
\u201cFIRSAT\u00c7I BANKALAR TE\u015eEKK\u00dcR\u00dc HAK ETM\u0130YOR\u201d<\/strong> <\/span><\/h2>\n
\u201cYABANCI \u0130\u015e\u00c7\u0130 \u00c7ALI\u015eTIRMA KONUSUNDA MESUL\u0130YET ALAMAYIZ\u201d<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n
EN Y\u00dcKSEK ARTI\u015e ORTA-D\u00dc\u015e\u00dcK TEKNOLOJ\u0130DE<\/span> <\/strong><\/h2>\n
AR-GE YAPAN \u015e\u0130RKET SAYISI AZALDI<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n
500 B\u00dcY\u00dcK SIRALAMASINDA \u00d6NE \u00c7IKANLAR<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n
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