{"id":4231,"date":"2023-09-19T03:07:09","date_gmt":"2023-09-19T00:07:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/egemhabertv.com\/?p=4231"},"modified":"2023-09-19T03:07:09","modified_gmt":"2023-09-19T00:07:09","slug":"ukraynanin-demir-cevheri-abluka-altinda","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/egemhabertv.com\/?p=4231","title":{"rendered":"Ukrayna\u2019n\u0131n demir cevheri abluka alt\u0131nda"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\u00a0EVR\u0130M K\u00dc\u00c7\u00dcK<\/strong><\/p>\n

Askeri riskler ve lojistik<\/a> zorluklar Ukrayna\u2019n\u0131n en \u00f6nemli ihracat \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinden demir cevherini etkiliyor. \u00dclke, y\u0131l\u0131n ilk yar\u0131s\u0131nda \u00fcretimindeki ve ihracat\u0131ndaki d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015fe kar\u015f\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir demir cevheri tedarik\u00e7isi olmaya devam ediyor ancak art\u0131k Ukraynal\u0131 ihracat\u00e7\u0131lar \u00f6ncelikli rota olarak \u00c7in yerine AB \u00fclkelerine y\u00f6neliyor. T\u00fcrkiye de Ukrayna demirinin \u00f6nemli t\u00fcketicileri aras\u0131nda bulunuyor.<\/p>\n

\u0130lk yar\u0131da ihracat %51 geriledi<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Demir cevheri Ukrayna\u2019n\u0131n \u00f6nemli ihra\u00e7 \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinden biri. \u00dclke, 2023 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n ilk yar\u0131s\u0131nda 8.3 milyon ton demir cevheri ihra\u00e7 ederek, 2022 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n ayn\u0131 d\u00f6nemine g\u00f6re y\u00fczde 51 daha az ihracat ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi. \u00dcretim ve ihracat\u0131n azalmas\u0131n\u0131n ortak nedeni, Karadeniz\u2019deki limanlar\u0131n bloke edilmesi. Haziran ay\u0131nda demir cevheri ihracat\u0131 May\u0131s 2023\u2019e g\u00f6re y\u00fczde 2,9 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015fle 1,48 milyon tona geriledi. Haziran 2022\u2019ye g\u00f6re ise y\u00fczde 15,8 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti. 2022 y\u0131l\u0131nda Ukrayna\u2019n\u0131n demir cevheri ihracat\u0131 y\u0131ll\u0131k y\u00fczde 45,9 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015fle 24 milyon tona geriledi.<\/p>\n

Yakla\u015f\u0131k 30 milyon ton demir cevheri, yani 2021 y\u0131l\u0131ndaki t\u00fcm demir cevheri ihracat\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 60\u2019\u0131, bug\u00fcn engellenen Karadeniz limanlar\u0131 \u00fczerinden ihra\u00e7 edildi.<\/p>\n

Sava\u015f\u0131n ba\u015flamas\u0131ndan \u00f6nce \u00c7in, Ukrayna demir cevherinin ana t\u00fcketicisiydi, ancak Ukrayna limanlar\u0131n\u0131n abluka alt\u0131na al\u0131nmas\u0131 nedeniyle \u00c7in\u2019e hammadde tedariki ekonomik olarak zorlu hale geldi. Bu nedenle AB \u00fclkeleri demir cevheri ihracat\u0131nda kilit pazarlar olarak \u00f6n plana \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.<\/p>\n

GMK Center taraf\u0131ndan haz\u0131rlanan bir rapora g\u00f6re, Ukrayna\u2019n\u0131n 2022\u2019de AB\u2019ye demir cevheri ihracat\u0131 y\u0131ll\u0131k y\u00fczde 21.5 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015fle 12.9 milyon ton olarak ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti. Ocak-Nisan d\u00f6neminde bu rakam 2022 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n ayn\u0131 d\u00f6nemine g\u00f6re y\u00fczde 9.7 azalarak 4.93 milyon tona, yani toplam rakam\u0131n y\u00fczde 19.7\u2019sine geriledi.<\/p>\n

Avrupa\u2019da en \u00e7ok al\u0131m\u0131 Slovakya yapt\u0131<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Ocak-Haziran 2023\u2019te Slovakya, Ukrayna demir cevherinin en b\u00fcy\u00fck t\u00fcketicisi oldu; toplam ihracat\u0131n parasal de\u011fer a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan y\u00fczde 30\u2019u bu \u00fclkeye yap\u0131ld\u0131. \u00c7ek Cumhuriyeti y\u00fczde 24,7 ile ikinci s\u0131rada, Polonya ise y\u00fczde 19,6 ile \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc s\u0131rada yer al\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de demir cevherinin %6.2\u2019si Ukrayna\u2019dan<\/strong><\/h2>\n

T\u00fcrkiye, Ukrayna\u2019dan gelen demir cevherinin \u00f6nemli bir t\u00fcketicisi olmaya devam ediyor. Ocak-May\u0131s 2023\u2019te T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye 257.5 bin ton demir cevheri sevk edildi. Bu rakam y\u0131ll\u0131k bazda y\u00fczde 9.4\u2019l\u00fck art\u0131\u015fa i\u015faret ediyor. Ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz y\u0131l Ukrayna, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin 4\u2019\u00fcnc\u00fc b\u00fcy\u00fck demir cevheri tedarik\u00e7isi oldu ve T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin ithal etti\u011fi demir cevherinin y\u00fczde 6,2\u2019sini sa\u011flad\u0131.<\/p>\n

DRI ve HBI i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli f\u0131rsatlar do\u011fabilir<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Ukrayna Cumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Ba\u015fkan Yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 Rostyslav Shurma\u2019ya g\u00f6re AB’ye \u00fcye olunabilirse gelecek 10 y\u0131l i\u00e7inde \u00e7elik talebinin artmas\u0131ndan Ukrayna b\u00fcy\u00fck avantaj sa\u011flayacak. \u00d6zellikle do\u011frudan indirgenmi\u015f demir (DRI) veya s\u0131cak briketlenmi\u015f demir (HBI) formundaki hammaddeler i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli bir ihracat f\u0131rsat\u0131 do\u011facak. Ukrayna\u2019n\u0131n \u00e7elik \u00fcretimi i\u00e7in gereken dev demir cevheri rezervlerine ve hidrojen \u00fcretiminin ana kayna\u011f\u0131 olacak ye\u015fil enerjide b\u00fcy\u00fck bir potansiyele sahip oldu\u011fu belirtiliyor. \u00dclkede 10 y\u0131l i\u00e7inde HBI veya DRI \u00fcretimi i\u00e7in 20-25 standart tesisin in\u015fa edilmesi potansiyeli bulunuyor.<\/p>\n

\u25a0 Ukraynal\u0131 \u00fcreticiler kapasitelerinin %50\u2019sini kullanabiliyor<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

\u25cf<\/span> Ukrayna madencilik tesislerinden Zaporizhzhia Demir Cevheri Tesisi bug\u00fcn Ukrayna taraf\u0131ndan kontrol edilmiyor.<\/p>\n

\u25cf<\/span> Metinvest\u2019in madencilik tesisleri sava\u015f \u00f6ncesi seviyenin yaln\u0131zca y\u00fczde 35-40\u2019\u0131 kadar kullan\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

\u25cf<\/span> ArcelorMittal Kryvyi Rih\u2019in madencilik b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde kapastenin y\u00fczde 40\u2019\u0131 kullan\u0131l\u0131yor. \u25cf Rudomine kapasitesinin y\u00fczde 50\u2019siyle \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

\u25cf<\/span> KZHRK (Kryvyi Rih Demir Cevheri Tesisi) sava\u015f \u00f6ncesi d\u00f6nemin kapasitesinin y\u00fczde 40- 50’si kadar hizmet veriyor.<\/p>\n

\u25cf<\/span> Ferrexpo\u2019nun madencilik ve zenginle\u015ftirme tesisleri yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 50 kapasiteyle \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor. 2023\u2019\u00fcn ilk yar\u0131s\u0131nda 1.97 milyon ton pelet \u00fcretti; bu, ge\u00e7en y\u0131l\u0131n ayn\u0131 d\u00f6nemindeki 4.8 milyon tona k\u0131yasla b\u00fcy\u00fck bir gerileme.<\/p>\n

\u25a0 D\u00dcNYADA YILLIK \u00dcRET\u0130M 2.6 M\u0130LYAR TON<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

ABD Jeoloji Ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131\u2019na (USGS) g\u00f6re, 2022 y\u0131l\u0131nda k\u00fcresel demir cevheri \u00fcretimi yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 3 azalarak 2.6 milyar ton olarak ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti. Demir cevheri \u00fcretiminde \u00f6nde gelen \u00fc\u00e7 \u00fclkenin tamam\u0131nda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc. Avustralya\u2019n\u0131n \u00fcretimi y\u00fczde 3.5 azalarak 880 milyon tona, Brezilya\u2019n\u0131n 410 milyon tona ve \u00c7in\u2019in \u00fcretimi 380 milyon tona indi. En b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00fc\u00e7 madencilik \u015firketinin \u00fcretim rakamlar\u0131:<\/p>\n

\u25cf<\/span> Rio Tinto, \u00fcretimi 2022\u2019de y\u00fczde 1 art\u0131rarak 321,6 milyon tona \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131. 2023 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n ilk yar\u0131s\u0131nda \u00fcretim y\u00fczde 7 art\u0131\u015fla 160,5 milyon tona y\u00fckseldi.<\/p>\n

\u25cf<\/span> Vale, 2022\u2019de demir cevheri \u00fcretimini y\u00fczde 2 azaltarak 308 milyon tona d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrd\u00fc. Ancak OcakiHaziran 2023\u2019te bu rakam y\u00fczde 6 artarak 145.5 milyon tona \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u25cf<\/span> BHP, 2022\/2023 mali y\u0131l\u0131nda (30 Haziran 2023\u2019te sona erdi) demir cevheri \u00fcretimini 2021\/2022 mali y\u0131l\u0131na k\u0131yasla y\u00fczde 1 art\u0131rarak 257 milyon tona \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u25cf<\/span> Worldsteel Association, 2023 y\u0131l\u0131nda k\u00fcresel \u00e7elik talebinin y\u00fczde 2,3 artarak 1.82 milyar tona \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131n\u0131 bekliyor. Analitik ajans\u0131 Benchmark Mineral Intelligence, \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki y\u0131llarda demir cevheri \u00fcretiminde 2023-2027 d\u00f6neminde y\u0131ll\u0131k ortalama y\u00fczde 2,3 oran\u0131nda bir art\u0131\u015f \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcyor. Avustralya ve Brezilya, k\u00fcresel demir cevheri pazar\u0131ndaki lider konumlar\u0131n\u0131 koruyacak.<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n

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[ad_1] \u00a0EVR\u0130M K\u00dc\u00c7\u00dcK Askeri riskler ve lojistik zorluklar Ukrayna\u2019n\u0131n en \u00f6nemli ihracat \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinden demir cevherini<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4232,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4231","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ekonomi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/egemhabertv.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4231","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/egemhabertv.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/egemhabertv.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/egemhabertv.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/egemhabertv.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4231"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/egemhabertv.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4231\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/egemhabertv.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/4232"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/egemhabertv.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4231"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/egemhabertv.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4231"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/egemhabertv.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4231"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}