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YENER KARADEN\u0130Z<\/strong><\/p>\n Geride b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z y\u0131l d\u0131\u015f ticaret a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131 109 milyar dolara y\u00fckselerek Cumhuriyet tarihi rekoru k\u0131rd\u0131. 2023\u2019\u00fcn ilk yar\u0131s\u0131nda ise a\u00e7\u0131k, ge\u00e7en y\u0131l\u0131n ayn\u0131 d\u00f6nemine g\u00f6re y\u00fczde 18,7 artarak 61 milyar 235 milyon dolara y\u00fckseldi. S\u00f6z konusu geli\u015fme 99 b\u00f6l\u00fcmden olu\u015fan d\u0131\u015f ticaret fas\u0131llar\u0131na da yans\u0131d\u0131. T\u00fcrkiye \u0130statistik Kurumu (T\u00dc\u0130K) verilerine g\u00f6re, 2021\u2019de 50 olan d\u0131\u015f ticaret a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131 veren fas\u0131l say\u0131s\u0131 2022\u2019de 52\u2019ye \u00e7\u0131karken bu y\u0131l\u0131n ilk yar\u0131s\u0131nda ise s\u00f6z konusu rakam 53\u2019e y\u00fckseldi. Tekstil, ayakkab\u0131, k\u0131ymetli madenler ve otomotiv<\/a> gibi bir\u00e7ok sekt\u00f6rde artan ithalat rakamlar\u0131na paralel olarak \u015firket kapanmalar\u0131 ve istihdam \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n artmas\u0131 ekonomi y\u00f6netimini ithalat\u0131 \u00f6nleyici politika aray\u0131\u015f\u0131na itti. S\u00f6z konusu haz\u0131rl\u0131k kapsam\u0131nda \u00f6nceki g\u00fcn alt\u0131n ithalat\u0131na y\u00fczde 20 ek mali y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fck getirilirken benzer haz\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n tekstil ve ayakkab\u0131 sekt\u00f6r\u00fc i\u00e7in de yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtiliyor.<\/p>\n Uluslararas\u0131 ticarete konu edilen \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131nda, armonize sistemin s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rma kurallar\u0131 ve ilkeleri esas al\u0131n\u0131yor. Armonize sistem, 21 b\u00f6l\u00fcm ve 99 fas\u0131ldan olu\u015fuyor. T\u00dc\u0130K verilerine g\u00f6re bu y\u0131l\u0131n ilk yar\u0131s\u0131nda s\u00f6z konusu 99 fas\u0131ldan d\u0131\u015f ticaret a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131 verenlerin say\u0131s\u0131 53\u2019e y\u00fckselmi\u015f durumda. S\u00f6z konusu rakam 2021\u2019de 49\u2019du. Her ne kadar a\u00e7\u0131k veren fas\u0131l say\u0131s\u0131nda ya\u015fanan art\u0131\u015f s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnse de d\u0131\u015f ticaret a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Cumhuriyet tarihi rekoru k\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, tekstil ve ayakkab\u0131 gibi bir\u00e7ok sekt\u00f6rde istihdam kayb\u0131n\u0131n 100 binleri a\u015fmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7t\u0131. T\u00dc\u0130K rakamlar\u0131na g\u00f6re, bu y\u0131l ilk yar\u0131da en fazla d\u0131\u015f ticaret a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 29 milyar dolar ile 27. fas\u0131lda yer alan mineral yak\u0131tlar verdi. S\u00f6z konusu fas\u0131l 2021\u2019de 42 milyar dolar ve 2022 sonunda da 80 milyar dolar a\u00e7\u0131k vermi\u015fti.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n Mineral yak\u0131tlar\u0131 12,7 milyar dolar ile 71. fas\u0131lda yer alan k\u0131ymetli madenler fasl\u0131 izledi. K\u0131ymetli ve yar\u0131 k\u0131ymetli madenler fasl\u0131 en son 2021\u2019de 3,8 milyar dolar fazla verdikten sonra 2022\u2019den itibaren eksiye d\u00f6nd\u00fc. Alt\u0131n<\/a> ticaretine konu olan fas\u0131l, ge\u00e7en y\u0131l\u0131n tamam\u0131nda 13,7 milyar dolar a\u00e7\u0131k verdi. Fasl\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu y\u0131l ilk yar\u0131da da 12,7 milyar dolar olarak ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti. 71. fas\u0131l, ilk yar\u0131da 61 milyar dolar olarak ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen d\u0131\u015f ticaret a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 20\u2019sini tek ba\u015f\u0131na ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmi\u015f oldu. Geli\u015fme \u00fczerine \u00f6nceki g\u00fcn Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 karar\u0131yla alt\u0131n ve alt\u0131n \u00fcr\u00fcnleri ithal edenlere y\u00fczde 20 ek mali y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fck getirildi. Yine T\u00dc\u0130K verilerine g\u00f6re, k\u0131ymetli madenleri 72. fas\u0131lda yer alan demir \u00e7elik, 84. fas\u0131lda yer alan kazanlar, makinalar, 85. fas\u0131lda yer alan elektrikli makine ve cihazlar izledi. Ge\u00e7en y\u0131ldan bu yana gerek i\u00e7 piyasa gerekse uluslararas\u0131 arenada ya\u015fanan geli\u015fmeler bir\u00e7ok sekt\u00f6rde de ilk kez d\u0131\u015f ticaret a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131 verilmesine yol a\u00e7t\u0131. Bu sekt\u00f6rlerin ba\u015f\u0131nda da tekstil sekt\u00f6r\u00fc geliyor. Uluslararas\u0131 ticaret sistemine g\u00f6re tekstil sekt\u00f6r\u00fc, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 58 ve 59. fas\u0131llardan olu\u015fuyor. 56 ve 58\u2019in d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kalan t\u00fcm fas\u0131llar, bu y\u0131l ilk yar\u0131da toplamda 763 milyon dolar a\u00e7\u0131k verdi. Geli\u015fmelere paralel olarak son bir y\u0131lda sekt\u00f6rde 586 \u015firket kapan\u0131rken istihdam kayb\u0131 116 bini a\u015ft\u0131. Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n bu nedenle harekete ge\u00e7ti\u011fi belirtilirken 16 A\u011fustos\u2019ta sekt\u00f6r temsilcileri ile bir araya gelinece\u011fi ve ithalat\u0131 zorla\u015ft\u0131racak \u00f6nlemler al\u0131naca\u011f\u0131 dile getiriliyor.<\/p>\n \u0130lk kez a\u00e7\u0131k veren sekt\u00f6rlerden biri de 64. fas\u0131lda yer alan ayakkab\u0131 oldu. Haziran ay\u0131na kadar s\u00fcrekli d\u0131\u015f ticaret fazlas\u0131 veren sekt\u00f6rde ge\u00e7en y\u0131l kas\u0131m ay\u0131nda ba\u015flayan bozulma, bu y\u0131l d\u0131\u015f ticaret a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Kapasite kullan\u0131m oranlar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 40\u2019lar seviyesine geriledi\u011fi sekt\u00f6rde g\u00fcnde 5-10 bin \u00e7ift \u00fcretim yapan b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00fcreticilerin kap\u0131s\u0131na kilit vurdu\u011fu belirtiliyor. Sekt\u00f6r temsilcilerinin verdi\u011fi bilgilere g\u00f6re bakanl\u0131k ithalat\u0131 zorla\u015ft\u0131racak ek mali y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fck haz\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7inde ve \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki g\u00fcnlerde ayakkab\u0131 sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde de g\u00fcmr\u00fck verileri art\u0131r\u0131lacak.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n T\u00fcrkiye G\u0131da ve \u0130\u00e7ecek Sanayii Dernekleri Federasyonu (TGDF) 6 ayl\u0131k d\u0131\u015f ticaret verilerini a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131. Buna g\u00f6re sekt\u00f6r y\u0131l\u0131n ilk 6 ay\u0131nda 12,23 milyar dolar ihracat, 12,46 milyar dolar ithalat yapt\u0131. Ge\u00e7en y\u0131l\u0131n ilk 6 ay\u0131nda 1,7 milyar dolar fazla veren d\u0131\u015f ticaret dengesi, bu y\u0131l ayn\u0131 d\u00f6nemde 230 milyon dolar d\u0131\u015f ticaret a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131 verdi. TGDF Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Demir \u015earman, konuyla ilgili \u201cYap\u0131sal baz\u0131 sorunlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 h\u0131zla a\u015farak, k\u00fcresel ekonomiden ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z pay\u0131 nas\u0131l art\u0131rabilece\u011fimizi ve b\u00fcy\u00fcmeyi nas\u0131l art\u0131rabilece\u011fimizi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeliyiz\u201d ifadelerini kullanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n 2021 y\u0131l sonu ile k\u0131yasland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bu y\u0131l\u0131n ilk yar\u0131s\u0131nda 99 fas\u0131ldan 4\u2019\u00fcn\u00fcn d\u0131\u015f ticaret fazlas\u0131ndan a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa ge\u00e7ti\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. T\u00dc\u0130K verilerine g\u00f6re s\u00f6z konusu fas\u0131llar 71. fas\u0131lda yer alan k\u0131ymetli madenler, 42. Fas\u0131lda yer alan deri ve saraciye, 41. fas\u0131lda yer alan ham postlar ve 55. fas\u0131lda yer alan sentetik ve suni devams\u0131z lifler olarak s\u0131raland\u0131. Verilere g\u00f6re 71. fas\u0131lda 2021\u2019de 3,8 milyar dolar olan fazla, bu y\u0131l ilk yar\u0131da 12,7 milyar dolar a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa, 42. fas\u0131lda 60 milyon dolar olan fazla 57 milyon dolar a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa, 41. fas\u0131lda 42 milyon fazla 68 milyon dolar a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa ve 55 fas\u0131lda 35 milyon dolar olan fazla 13 milyon dolar a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n En fazla ihracata yapan ve 87 fas\u0131l kodunda yer alan motorlu ara\u00e7lar ve aksam\u0131, par\u00e7alar\u0131nda da son d\u00f6nemde d\u0131\u015f ticaret, ithalat lehine geli\u015fiyor. Sekt\u00f6r bu y\u0131l ocak ve \u015fubat aylar\u0131nda d\u0131\u015f ticaret fazlas\u0131 verirken s\u00f6z konusu de\u011fer mart ve nisan aylar\u0131nda eksiye d\u00f6nd\u00fc. Haziranda fazla veren sekt\u00f6r temmuz ile birlikte yeniden eksiye d\u00f6nd\u00fc ve 2,4 milyar dolar<\/a> ihracata kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k 3,4 milyar dolar ithalat ile ayl\u0131k d\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131 961 milyon dolara y\u00fckseltti. \u0130thalat\u0131 frenlemek amac\u0131yla Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n 2000 cc ve \u00fczerindeki otomobiller i\u00e7in \u00d6TV art\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6ren bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma haz\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda oldu\u011fu \u00f6\u011frenildi.\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\nAYAKKABIYA DA EK VERG\u0130 GEL\u0130YOR<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n
GIDA SEKT\u00d6R\u00dc A\u00c7IK VERMEYE BA\u015eLADI\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n